Tutorial on .htpasswd and .htaccess with apache(httpd) in Linux

If there is a situation that have to dealt with like a public website but with some secret information.
How can we protect the information ? .

We can use .htpasswd and .htaccess in that time.

How  ? Lets see................

Open your terminal and type as

                        vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

and find line no : 334 to 338. This is the area of httpd.conf that dealt with .htaccess

    334 # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
    335 # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
    336 #   Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
    337 #
    338     AllowOverride AuthConfig
 

Now look at line no 338 , before modifying it will look like

                     AllowOverride None

You have to modify it to

                     AllowOverride AuthConfig

Now make sure that if you have some website and VirtualHost configuration of that website is successfully completed.

Virtual Hosts in Apache -Linux

############################
Listen 192.168.56.150:80
Listen 192.168.56.151:81
############################

So above two lines are stands for IP based virtual hosting and as well as Port based Virtual Host.

The virtual Host which listens to the 1st IP will browse throughh port 80 but other will listens and browse through port 81 only.

Now We have to configure Virtual Hosts

#########################################
<VirtulHost 192.168.56.150:80>
    ServerAdmin root@localhost
    DocumentRoot /var/www/website1.com
    ServerName website1.com
    ServerAlias www.website1.com
    ErrorLog logs/www.website1.com_error.log
    CustomLog logs/www.website1.com_custom.log
</VirtualHost>
###########################################

###########################################
<VirtualHost 192.168.56.151:81>
    ServerAdmin root@localhost
    DocumentRoot /var/www/website2.com
    ServerName website2.com
    ServerAlias www.website2.com
    ErrorLog log/website2.com_error.log
    CustomLog log/webiste2.com_custom.log
############################################


Note: If you dont have your DNS Server then you can make some entries like below in your /etc/hosts file
########################
# vi /etc/hosts

192.168.56.150 website1.com
192.168.56.150 www.website1.com
192.168.56.151 website2.com
192.168.56.151 www.website2.com

###############################

So Name resolution can be done.


While I am doing

##############################

# service httpd restart

##############################

I am getting error like
###########
Starting httpd: [Wed Nov 19 01:17:25 2014] [warn] VirtualHost website1.com:80 overlaps with VirtualHost userinfo.com:80, the first has precedence, perhaps you need a NameVirtualHost directive

###########

Its because I am doing name based virtual hosting with one common IP, So we have to add that IP for name based virtualhosting with a line in /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

######################

NameVirtualHost XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX:PORT

######################

Then save and restart with

######################

# service httpd restart

######################

and I am sure it will be fine.